From the Guidelines
Lymphedema itself is rarely directly fatal, but it can lead to serious complications that may contribute to death in severe cases. According to the american cancer society/american society of clinical oncology breast cancer survivorship care guideline 1, lymphedema can be managed through various methods, including counseling survivors on how to prevent or reduce the risk of lymphedema, referring patients with clinical symptoms or swelling suggestive of lymphedema to a therapist knowledgeable about the diagnosis and treatment of lymphedema. Some key points to consider in managing lymphedema include:
- Counseling survivors on how to prevent or reduce the risk of lymphedema, including weight loss for those who are overweight or obese
- Referring patients with clinical symptoms or swelling suggestive of lymphedema to a therapist knowledgeable about the diagnosis and treatment of lymphedema, such as a physical therapist, occupational therapist, or lymphedema specialist
- Untreated lymphedema can result in recurrent infections (cellulitis), sepsis, and in extremely rare cases, the development of a type of cancer called lymphangiosarcoma (Stewart-Treves syndrome), which can significantly impair quality of life and mobility, potentially contributing to other health problems 1. The risk of serious complications increases when lymphedema is severe and left untreated for extended periods, and management typically involves compression therapy, meticulous skin care, exercise, and prompt treatment of infections 1. While lymphedema is a chronic condition requiring ongoing management, most patients who receive appropriate care can effectively control symptoms and prevent life-threatening complications.
From the Research
Lymphedema and Mortality
- There is no direct evidence in the provided studies that lymphedema can cause death 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.
- However, the studies suggest that lymphedema is a chronic and debilitating condition that can have significant implications on patients' quality of life 4, 6.
- Complications of lymphedema, such as increased pain, reduced range of motion and mobility, and increased risk of infection, can have serious consequences if left untreated or poorly managed 3, 4, 5.
- Effective management of lymphedema, including complete decongestive therapy, compression garment use, and surgical options, can help alleviate symptoms and improve patient outcomes 2, 3, 4, 5.
- Early detection and diagnosis of lymphedema are crucial to prevent progression and potential complications 4, 6.