From the Guidelines
The correct answer is E. A, B, and D. Ensuring confidentiality of research participants requires proper disposal of paper documents containing identifiers, password protection for computerized records, and secure storage of paper records. Using a participant's Social Security Number (SSN) instead of their full name (option C) actually increases privacy risk rather than enhancing confidentiality, as SSNs are sensitive personal identifiers that could lead to identity theft if compromised. Proper confidentiality practices focus on limiting access to identifying information through physical security measures (locked cabinets, secure rooms), electronic safeguards (password protection), and appropriate destruction of documents when no longer needed. These measures collectively create a comprehensive approach to protecting participant privacy by preventing unauthorized access to sensitive personal information throughout the research process.
Key considerations for ensuring confidentiality include:
- Proper disposal of paper documents containing identifiers, such as shredding or secure recycling 1
- Password protection for computerized records to prevent unauthorized access 1
- Secure storage of paper records in locked cabinets, secure rooms, or safes to prevent physical access by unauthorized individuals 1
- Avoiding the use of sensitive personal identifiers, such as SSNs, whenever possible to minimize the risk of identity theft 1
By implementing these measures, researchers can help protect the confidentiality of research participants and maintain the trust necessary for successful and ethical research studies. The most recent and highest quality study 1 emphasizes the importance of providing clear details on study risks and benefits, consent to share data, and a way to withdraw from the study, highlighting the need for robust confidentiality practices in research.
From the Research
Ensuring Confidentiality of Research Participants
To ensure the confidentiality of research participants, several practices can be employed. These include:
- Properly disposing of all paper documents containing identifiers (SSN, address, DOB, etc.) 2, 3, 4
- Requiring passwords to access computerized records 2, 5
- Storing paper records in a secure place (secure room, locked cabinet, safe, etc.) 2, 3, 4 It is important to note that using the participant's SSN instead of the participant's full name may not be an effective method for ensuring confidentiality, as SSN is a sensitive identifier 3, 4.
Correct Answer
Based on the provided evidence, the correct answer is: E. A, B, and D. This option includes properly disposing of all paper documents containing identifiers, requiring passwords to access computerized records, and storing paper records in a secure place, all of which are recommended practices for ensuring the confidentiality of research participants 2, 5, 3, 4.