Differential Diagnosis for Food Poisoning

Single most likely diagnosis

• Staphylococcal food poisoning: This type of food poisoning typically starts 2-6 hours after eating, but it can be as long as 12 hours. However, given the options, it's a strong candidate due to its common presentation with diarrhea, although vomiting is also common.

Other Likely diagnoses

• Bacillus cereus food poisoning (emetic syndrome): Although the emetic syndrome typically presents with vomiting, the diarrheal syndrome can occur 8-16 hours after ingestion, making it a possible cause of diarrhea-only food poisoning.
• Clostridium perfringens food poisoning: This type of food poisoning usually starts 8-12 hours after eating and is characterized by diarrhea and abdominal cramps, making it a likely candidate.

Do Not Miss (ddxs that may not be likely, but would be deadly if missed.)

• Botulism: Although botulism typically presents with neurological symptoms such as blurred vision, difficulty swallowing, and shortness of breath, gastrointestinal symptoms like diarrhea can occur. Given its high mortality rate if left untreated, it's crucial not to miss this diagnosis.
• Vibrio cholerae infection: Cholera can cause severe, watery diarrhea that can lead to dehydration and death if not treated promptly. While less common in areas with good sanitation, it's essential to consider in travelers or areas with poor hygiene.

Rare diagnoses

• Yersinia enterocolitica infection: This bacterial infection can cause diarrhea, but it's relatively rare and often presents with other symptoms like fever and abdominal pain.
• Aeromonas hydrophila infection: This bacterium can cause diarrhea, but it's an uncommon cause of food poisoning and typically affects individuals with compromised immune systems.