From the Guidelines
The most effective treatment for poison ivy exposure is immediate washing of the affected area with soap and water to remove the urushiol oil, which can remove up to 100% of the oil if done promptly 1. This approach is crucial in minimizing the severity of the reaction.
- Washing with soap and water as soon as possible after exposure is the first line of treatment.
- The effectiveness of washing decreases over time, with a significant reduction in urushiol oil removal after 10 minutes 1.
- For symptomatic relief, cool compresses or oatmeal baths may be considered, although their effectiveness is supported by limited evidence 1.
- Topical corticosteroids, particularly those that are high-potency, may be prescribed by a healthcare provider for moderate to severe cases, as they have been shown to reduce the duration of itching 1.
- Oral antihistamines, such as diphenhydramine, may be used to help with sleep but are not significantly effective in reducing itching 1.
- It is essential to wash all clothing, tools, and pets that may have come into contact with the plant to prevent re-exposure, as urushiol can remain active on surfaces for years.
- Severe reactions, characterized by widespread rash, facial or genital involvement, or signs of infection, require immediate medical attention.