Medical Advisory BoardAll articles are reviewed for accuracy by our Medical Advisory Board
Educational purpose only • Exercise caution as content is pending human review
Article Review Status
Submitted
Under Review
Approved

Last updated: June 1, 2025View editorial policy

Personalize

Help us tailor your experience

Which best describes you? Your choice helps us use language that's most understandable for you.

Differential Diagnosis for Knee Swelling

The patient presents with knee swelling, a lump on the bottom of the kneecap, and recent onset of redness and swelling in the leg and foot. The following differential diagnoses are considered:

  • Single most likely diagnosis
    • Prepatellar Bursitis: This condition is likely given the patient's history of frequent kneeling, which can cause irritation and inflammation of the prepatellar bursa. The presence of a lump, blood, and fluid after attempted drainage, and the area feeling hard and hot to the touch, are consistent with this diagnosis.
  • Other Likely diagnoses
    • Septic Bursitis: The patient's attempt to drain the area and the subsequent filling of the lump with blood and fluid, along with the area feeling hot to the touch, raise the possibility of a septic bursitis.
    • Hemarthrosis: The presence of blood and fluid in the lump after drainage suggests the possibility of hemarthrosis, which is the accumulation of blood in the joint space.
  • Do Not Miss (ddxs that may not be likely, but would be deadly if missed.)
    • Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT): Although the patient does not report pain, the sudden onset of redness and swelling in the leg and foot could be indicative of a DVT, which is a potentially life-threatening condition.
    • Cellulitis: The patient's symptoms of redness, swelling, and warmth in the leg and foot could also be indicative of cellulitis, a bacterial skin infection that can spread rapidly and become severe if left untreated.
  • Rare diagnoses
    • Synovial Chondromatosis: This is a rare condition characterized by the growth of cartilage in the joint space, which can cause swelling and a lump.
    • Gout or Pseudogout: Although less likely, these conditions can cause sudden onset of joint swelling and pain, and should be considered in the differential diagnosis.

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

Have a follow-up question?

Our Medical A.I. is used by practicing medical doctors at top research institutions around the world. Ask any follow up question and get world-class guideline-backed answers instantly.