Differential Diagnosis for Hematuria in Male

Single Most Likely Diagnosis

• Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH): This condition is common in older males and can cause hematuria due to the enlargement of the prostate gland, which can irritate the bladder and urethra, leading to bleeding.

Other Likely Diagnoses

• Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs): Bacterial infections of the urinary tract are a common cause of hematuria in males, especially in those with underlying medical conditions or those who are sexually active.
• Kidney Stones: The passage of kidney stones can cause bleeding in the urinary tract, leading to hematuria.
• Prostatitis: Inflammation of the prostate gland can cause hematuria, especially if the inflammation is severe or chronic.

Do Not Miss Diagnoses

• Bladder Cancer: Although less common, bladder cancer is a potentially life-threatening condition that can cause hematuria, and early detection is crucial for effective treatment.
• Kidney Cancer: Similar to bladder cancer, kidney cancer can cause hematuria and is a critical diagnosis not to miss due to its potential for severe outcomes if left untreated.
• Trauma: Traumatic injury to the urinary tract, such as from a car accident or a fall, can cause hematuria and may require immediate medical attention.

Rare Diagnoses

• Alport Syndrome: A genetic disorder that affects the type IV collagen in the body, leading to kidney disease, hearing loss, and eye abnormalities, and can cause hematuria.
• Goodpasture Syndrome: A rare autoimmune disease that causes inflammation in the kidneys and lungs, leading to hematuria and potentially life-threatening complications.
• Sickle Cell Disease: A genetic disorder that affects hemoglobin production, which can lead to various complications, including hematuria due to sickling of red blood cells in the urinary tract.