Differential Diagnosis for Female Patient

• Single most likely diagnosis:
  • Vaginitis (e.g., yeast infection, bacterial vaginosis, or trichomoniasis) - This is a common condition in female patients that can cause dysuria, urinary urgency, and suprapubic discomfort due to the proximity of the vaginal area to the urethra and bladder.
• Other Likely diagnoses:
  • Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) such as chlamydia or gonorrhea - These infections can cause symptoms similar to UTIs, including dysuria and urinary frequency.
  • Interstitial Cystitis - A condition characterized by chronic inflammation of the bladder, leading to symptoms like urinary urgency, frequency, and suprapubic pain.
• Do Not Miss:
  • Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) - A serious condition that requires prompt treatment to prevent long-term complications like infertility. It can present with symptoms similar to UTIs, along with pelvic pain.
  • Kidney Stones - Although less common in women, kidney stones can cause severe pain and urinary symptoms, including dysuria and frequency.
• Rare diagnoses:
  • Tuberculosis of the Urinary Tract - A rare condition that can cause chronic urinary symptoms, including dysuria and frequency, along with systemic symptoms like weight loss and fever.
  • Bladder Cancer - Although rare, especially in younger women, bladder cancer can present with urinary symptoms like dysuria and frequency, along with hematuria.

Differential Diagnosis for Male Patient

• Single most likely diagnosis:
  • Prostatitis - Inflammation of the prostate gland, which can cause dysuria, urinary frequency, and suprapubic discomfort, especially in younger men.
• Other Likely diagnoses:
  • Urethritis - Inflammation of the urethra, often due to STIs like chlamydia or gonorrhea, causing dysuria and urinary discharge.
  • Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) - Enlargement of the prostate gland, common in older men, leading to urinary frequency, urgency, and difficulty starting urination.
• Do Not Miss:
  • Epididymitis - Inflammation of the epididymis, usually due to bacterial infection, which can cause severe pain and urinary symptoms, requiring prompt treatment to prevent complications.
  • Testicular Torsion - A medical emergency that can present with acute testicular pain, which might be referred to the suprapubic area, and requires immediate surgical intervention.
• Rare diagnoses:
  • Bladder Cancer - More common in men than women, bladder cancer can present with hematuria, dysuria, and changes in urinary habits.
  • Penile Cancer - A rare condition that can cause urinary symptoms due to obstruction or inflammation, along with a visible lesion on the penis.