From the Guidelines
To build muscle while taking semaglutide, prioritize consuming adequate protein and calories, and implement a progressive resistance training program, as these strategies can help counteract the appetite-suppressing effects of semaglutide and support muscle growth. The most recent and highest quality study on semaglutide, published in 2023 in the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) 1, highlights the importance of a comprehensive approach to weight management, including diet, exercise, and medication. When taking semaglutide, it is essential to focus on nutrient-dense, protein-rich foods like lean meats, eggs, dairy, and protein supplements if needed, aiming for 1.6-2.2g of protein per kg of body weight daily. Additionally, maintaining sufficient caloric intake by including healthy fats and complex carbohydrates is crucial to support muscle growth.
Some key considerations when building muscle while on semaglutide include:
- Implementing a progressive resistance training program 3-4 times weekly, emphasizing compound movements like squats, deadlifts, and bench presses
- Ensuring proper recovery with 7-8 hours of sleep nightly
- Timing larger meals around workouts to support muscle growth and recovery
- Monitoring body composition rather than just weight, as semaglutide may help reduce fat while building muscle
- Consulting with a healthcare provider about fitness goals, as they may adjust the semaglutide dosage if severe appetite suppression interferes with adequate nutrition
It is also important to note that semaglutide has been associated with increased risk of pancreatitis and gallbladder disease, and gradual dose titration may help mitigate adverse effects like nausea and vomiting, as recommended in the 2022 AGA clinical practice guideline on pharmacological interventions for adults with obesity 1. However, the benefits of semaglutide in supporting weight loss and improving weight-related comorbidities, as well as its glucoregulatory benefits, make it a valuable treatment option for many patients.
From the Research
Building Muscle while Taking Semaglutide
To build muscle while taking semaglutide, consider the following points:
- Semaglutide is known for its effectiveness in weight loss, but it can also lead to a loss of muscle mass 2.
- A study on people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver diseases (MASLD) found that semaglutide decreased psoas muscle volume by 9.3% over 24 weeks, but physical function was maintained despite significant loss of muscle 2.
- There is no direct evidence on how to build muscle while taking semaglutide, but it is essential to note that the medication can have various effects on the body, including improvements in glycemic control, weight loss, and reduced cardiovascular risks 3, 4.
- To mitigate muscle loss, it is crucial to focus on a balanced diet and regular exercise, including resistance training to build muscle mass.
- Additionally, consider the following:
- Ensure adequate protein intake to support muscle growth and maintenance.
- Engage in regular physical activity, including resistance training and cardio exercises.
- Monitor your progress and adjust your diet and exercise routine as needed.
Potential Effects of Semaglutide on Muscle
The effects of semaglutide on muscle are not fully understood, but research suggests that:
- Semaglutide can lead to a decrease in muscle volume, but physical function may be maintained 2.
- The medication can have anti-inflammatory effects, which may be beneficial for muscle health 5.
- Semaglutide can also have effects on various pathways, including the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, which may influence muscle growth and maintenance 6.