Differential Diagnosis for Floaters
- Single Most Likely Diagnosis
- Vitreous Degeneration: This is the most common cause of floaters, especially in older adults. It occurs when the vitreous gel in the eye breaks down and forms small, floating particles that cast shadows on the retina.
- Other Likely Diagnoses
- Posterior Vitreous Detachment (PVD): A condition where the vitreous gel separates from the retina, causing floaters and flashes of light. It is a common condition that can occur with age or after eye surgery.
- Retinal Tear or Detachment: A tear or detachment of the retina can cause floaters, flashes of light, and vision loss. It is a serious condition that requires prompt medical attention.
- Uveitis: Inflammation of the uvea, the middle layer of the eye, can cause floaters, eye pain, and sensitivity to light.
- Do Not Miss Diagnoses
- Retinal Detachment: Although mentioned earlier, it's crucial to emphasize that retinal detachment is a medical emergency that can lead to permanent vision loss if not treated promptly.
- Vitreous Hemorrhage: Bleeding into the vitreous gel can cause sudden vision loss and floaters. It can be a sign of an underlying condition, such as diabetes or a retinal tear.
- Malignant Hypertension: Severe high blood pressure can cause changes in the blood vessels of the eye, leading to floaters, vision loss, and even stroke.
- Rare Diagnoses
- Ocular Lymphoma: A type of cancer that can cause floaters, vision loss, and eye pain. It is a rare condition that requires a thorough diagnostic workup.
- Intraocular Infection: Certain infections, such as endophthalmitis, can cause floaters, eye pain, and vision loss. These infections are rare but can be serious and require prompt treatment.
- Sarcoidosis: A systemic disease that can cause inflammation in the eyes, leading to floaters, vision loss, and other symptoms. It is a rare condition that requires a thorough diagnostic workup.