From the Guidelines
The primary treatment for penile candidiasis is topical antifungal medication, which should be applied to the affected area to relieve symptoms. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's 2002 guidelines 1, a minority of male sex partners with balanitis, characterized by erythematous areas on the glans of the penis, can benefit from treatment with topical antifungal agents. Some key points to consider when treating penile candidiasis include:
- Applying an over-the-counter antifungal cream such as clotrimazole 1% or miconazole 2% directly to the affected area twice daily for 7-14 days
- Keeping the genital area clean and dry by washing with mild soap and water, then drying thoroughly
- Wearing loose-fitting cotton underwear to reduce moisture
- Avoiding sexual activity until symptoms resolve to prevent spreading the infection These treatments work by directly killing the Candida fungus or inhibiting its growth, and maintaining good hygiene and reducing moisture helps create an unfavorable environment for fungal growth. If symptoms persist after treatment or recur frequently, it is essential to consult a healthcare provider, as this may indicate an underlying condition or need for stronger treatment, such as oral antifungal medication like fluconazole 150 mg as a single dose 1.
From the Research
Treatment Options for Penile Candidiasis
The treatment for penile candidiasis, a fungal infection, can vary depending on the severity and resistance of the infection.
- Local antifungal treatment is often effective for superficial infections, especially when provoking factors and the possibility of sexual transmission are considered 2.
- In cases of widespread dermatophytic infection, candidosis, or systemic mycosis, systemic treatment is recommended 2.
- For fluconazole- and terbinafine-resistant Candida albicans, oral itraconazole has been shown to be effective 3.
- Antifungal creams or ointments can be applied directly to the affected area, and oral treatment is also an option 4.
- In some cases, fluconazole monotherapy has been used to treat mycetomatoid infection of the penis by Candida albicans 5.
Considerations for Treatment
- The treatment should take into account the patient's overall health, including any underlying conditions such as diabetes, which can increase the risk of genital mycotic infections 4.
- Establishing and maintaining euglycemia is key in the management of genital mycotic infections in patients with diabetes 4.
- Antifungal treatment should also be offered to sexual partners of patients with diabetes with a genital mycotic infection if the partner is similarly infected 4.
- The risk of antifungal resistance should be considered, and treatment should be chosen accordingly 3, 4.