From the Research
Yes, anotia is associated with renal anomalies, and patients with anotia should undergo renal ultrasound screening to detect potential kidney abnormalities. This association occurs as part of broader developmental syndromes, particularly in the spectrum of oculo-auriculo-vertebral disorders such as Goldenhar syndrome 1. The connection between ear and kidney development stems from shared embryological timing, with both structures developing during the first trimester of pregnancy. The association results from disruptions in neural crest cell migration or vascular development during early embryogenesis, which can simultaneously affect the branchial arches (contributing to ear formation) and the metanephric blastema (kidney precursor tissue) 1. Some key points to consider include:
- The prevalence of renal anomalies in patients with anotia can be significant, with studies suggesting that up to 24% of patients with microtia (a related condition) may have structural renal abnormalities 1.
- Early detection of associated renal anomalies is important for clinical management, as kidney malformations may be asymptomatic initially but could lead to complications such as urinary tract infections, hypertension, or reduced renal function if left unmonitored 1.
- A renal ultrasound is a useful screening tool for detecting kidney abnormalities in patients with anotia, and it is recommended that all patients with anotia undergo this screening 1.
- The presence of other malformations or dysmorphic features, such as facial clefts or cardiac defects, may increase the likelihood of renal anomalies in patients with anotia 2, 3. It is essential to prioritize the detection and management of renal anomalies in patients with anotia to improve their overall quality of life and reduce the risk of long-term complications 1.