From the Guidelines
Kliogest is likely a misspelling of a gestational or hormonal condition, and based on the provided evidence, it appears that the user is inquiring about the diagnosis and treatment of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). The diagnosis of GDM is made when any of the following plasma glucose values are exceeded: fasting ≥92 mg/dL (5.1 mmol/L), 1 h ≥180 mg/dL (10.0 mmol/L), or 2 h ≥153 mg/dL (8.5 mmol/L) 1. The treatment of GDM starts with medical nutrition therapy, physical activity, and weight management, depending on pregestational weight, as well as glucose monitoring aiming for the targets recommended by the Fifth International Workshop-Conference on Gestational Diabetes Mellitus 1. Some key points to consider in the management of GDM include:
- Fasting glucose <95 mg/dL (5.3 mmol/L) and either one-hour postprandial glucose <140 mg/dL (7.8 mmol/L) or two-hour postprandial glucose <120 mg/dL (6.7 mmol/L) 1
- Lifestyle modification alone can manage GDM in 70-85% of women diagnosed with GDM under Carpenter-Coustan criteria 1
- The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) recommends a lower threshold of 135 mg/dL (7.5 mmol/L) in high-risk ethnic minorities with higher prevalence of GDM 1 The most recent and highest quality study recommends that treatment starts with medical nutrition therapy, physical activity, and weight management, depending on pregestational weight, as well as glucose monitoring aiming for the targets recommended by the Fifth International Workshop-Conference on Gestational Diabetes Mellitus 1.
From the Research
Diagnosis and Treatment of KLIOGEST
It appears that KLIOGEST is likely a misspelling of Kliogest, which is a combined oral estrogen/progestogen preparation.
- The diagnosis of conditions related to Kliogest is based on the symptoms and medical history of the patient, and may involve blood tests and other diagnostic procedures 2.
- The treatment of conditions related to Kliogest, such as postmenopausal symptoms and osteoporosis, typically involves hormone replacement therapy (HRT) with Kliogest 2.
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM)
GDM is a condition that occurs during pregnancy, characterized by high blood sugar levels.
- The diagnosis of GDM is typically made using a glucose tolerance test, which measures the body's ability to regulate blood sugar levels after consuming a sugary drink 3.
- The treatment of GDM typically involves lifestyle changes, such as diet and exercise, as well as medication, such as metformin or insulin, to control blood sugar levels 4, 5, 3.
Key Findings
- Kliogest has been shown to increase bone mineral density and reduce plasma cholesterol levels in postmenopausal women 2.
- Metformin has been shown to be effective in reducing gestational weight gain, neonatal hypoglycemia, and macrosomia in women with GDM 4.
- The combination of metformin and insulin aspart has been shown to improve pregnancy outcomes in women with GDM 5.