From the Guidelines
Treatment for a cracked tooth typically involves prompt dental care to prevent further damage and infection, with the specific treatment depending on the severity and location of the crack. The severity of the crack can range from minor cracks (craze lines) to more significant cracks that may require a crown or even a root canal procedure if the crack extends into the pulp [ 1 ].
Treatment Options
- For minor cracks, simple polishing may be sufficient to smooth out the tooth surface and prevent further irritation.
- For more significant cracks, a crown may be recommended to protect the tooth from further damage and prevent bacteria from entering the pulp [ 1 ].
- If the crack extends into the pulp, a root canal procedure may be necessary to remove the damaged pulp tissue and prevent infection [ 1 ].
- In severe cases where the tooth is split vertically or the crack extends below the gumline, extraction may be the only option to prevent further complications.
Management While Waiting for Dental Treatment
While waiting for dental treatment, patients can take over-the-counter pain relievers like ibuprofen (400-600mg every 6 hours) or acetaminophen (500-1000mg every 6 hours) to manage pain. It is also recommended to avoid chewing on the affected side, stay away from very hot or cold foods that trigger pain, and rinse with warm salt water (1/2 teaspoon salt in 8 ounces of water) to reduce inflammation [ 1 ].
Importance of Prompt Treatment
Prompt treatment is essential because untreated cracks can lead to infection, abscess formation, and potentially tooth loss as bacteria can enter through the crack and damage the pulp [ 1 ]. Regular monitoring by a dentist is crucial to catch any signs of pulpal necrosis or other complications early on.
From the Research
Treatment Options for Cracked Teeth
The treatment for a cracked tooth can vary depending on the severity of the crack and the symptoms presented. Some possible treatment options include:
- Immediate management to relieve symptoms
- Direct or indirect restoration to brace the remaining tooth structure against further flexion 2, 3
- Root canal treatment in cases where the crack has affected the pulp or where pulp necrosis is predictable or highly likely to occur 4
Assessment and Prognosis
A thorough examination is required to effectively assess the cracked tooth and determine the best course of treatment 3. The prognosis for restored teeth with cracked tooth syndrome is guarded due to the risk of further crack propagation, but the chances of survival at 5-years can be acceptable (74.1-96.8%) 3.
Prevention and Management Strategies
Preventive methods are important in managing cracked tooth syndrome, and educating the general population on these methods can help prevent further cases 2. A rational approach to treatment, including distinguishing between restorable and nonrestorable fractures, can help dentists make informed treatment decisions 5.
Diagnosis and Treatment Approaches
Dentists should be aware of the classic symptoms of incomplete tooth fracture, methods used in formulating a differential diagnosis, criteria for determining pulpal status and restorability, and the consequences of inadequate diagnosis or treatment 5. Treatment approaches may vary depending on the type and severity of the fracture, and a thorough understanding of the literature is necessary to establish evidence-based guidelines for prevention, diagnosis, and treatment 6.