Does a 22x18 mm cyst on the left ovary indicate Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) in a patient with a 1-year history of menstrual irregularity (dysmenorrhea)?

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Differential Diagnosis for Rối Loạn Kinh Nguyệt (Menstrual Disorder) with Ovarian Cyst

  • Single Most Likely Diagnosis
    • Hội chứng buồng trứng đa nang (Polycystic Ovary Syndrome - PCOS): This condition is characterized by irregular menstrual cycles, cysts on the ovaries, and hormonal imbalance. The presence of a 22x18 mm cyst on the left ovary and a history of menstrual disorder for 1 year supports this diagnosis.
  • Other Likely Diagnoses
    • U xơ tử cung (Uterine Fibroids): Although not directly related to ovarian cysts, uterine fibroids can cause menstrual irregularities and are common in women of reproductive age.
    • Rối loạn chức năng buồng trứng (Ovarian Dysfunction): This encompasses a range of disorders affecting ovulation, which could explain the menstrual irregularities and the presence of an ovarian cyst.
  • Do Not Miss Diagnoses
    • Ung thư buồng trứng (Ovarian Cancer): Although less likely, ovarian cancer can present with pelvic masses and irregular menstrual bleeding. It's crucial to rule out malignancy, especially in the presence of a significant ovarian cyst.
    • Bệnh buồng trứng kén (Ovarian Endometrioma): Associated with endometriosis, these cysts can cause pelvic pain, menstrual irregularities, and infertility.
  • Rare Diagnoses
    • Hội chứng buồng trứng kháng androgen (Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome): A rare condition where an individual is genetically male but has resistance to male hormones, leading to female external appearance but with undescended testes and no uterus or ovaries.
    • Bệnh Cushing (Cushing's Syndrome): A rare endocrine disorder caused by excess cortisol, which can lead to menstrual irregularities among other symptoms.
    • Thyreotoxicosis (Hyperthyroidism): Although more commonly associated with weight loss and tremors, hyperthyroidism can also cause menstrual irregularities and should be considered in the differential diagnosis.

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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