Differential Diagnosis for Vertigo with Head Turning
- Single most likely diagnosis
- Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV): This condition is characterized by brief, intense episodes of vertigo triggered by specific head movements, such as turning from side to side. It is the most common cause of vertigo and has a strong association with the described symptom.
- Other Likely diagnoses
- Labyrinthitis: An inner ear disorder that can cause vertigo, hearing loss, and tinnitus. It may be triggered by viral or bacterial infections and can lead to symptoms similar to those described.
- Vestibular Neuritis: Inflammation of the vestibular nerve, which can cause severe vertigo, often triggered by head movements. It is usually caused by a viral infection.
- Meniere's Disease: A disorder of the inner ear that affects balance and hearing, causing episodes of vertigo, tinnitus, hearing loss, and ear fullness. While it's less directly linked to head turning, it's a common cause of vertigo.
- Do Not Miss (ddxs that may not be likely, but would be deadly if missed.)
- Posterior Circulation Stroke: Although less common, a stroke in the posterior circulation can present with vertigo, among other symptoms. It is critical to rule out this condition due to its severe consequences and the need for immediate treatment.
- Multiple Sclerosis: An autoimmune disease that can affect various parts of the brain and spinal cord, leading to a wide range of symptoms, including vertigo. Early diagnosis is crucial for management and prognosis.
- Rare diagnoses
- Acoustic Neuroma: A non-cancerous tumor on the nerve connecting the inner ear to the brain, which can cause vertigo, hearing loss, and tinnitus. It is rare but should be considered in the differential diagnosis due to its potential impact on quality of life.
- Chiari Malformation: A condition where brain tissue extends into the spinal canal, which can cause vertigo, among other neurological symptoms. It is relatively rare and often diagnosed incidentally, but it's an important consideration in patients with persistent or severe vertigo.