From the Research
Treatment for herpangina primarily focuses on symptom management, and the most effective treatment is the use of interferon α-2b spray, as it has been shown to be safe and effective in reducing symptoms and improving oral herpes in children 1.
Symptom Management
The goal of treatment is to reduce the severity of symptoms, such as fever, throat pain, and discomfort.
- Over-the-counter pain relievers such as acetaminophen (10-15 mg/kg every 4-6 hours, not exceeding 5 doses in 24 hours) or ibuprofen (10 mg/kg every 6-8 hours with food) can help reduce fever and relieve throat pain.
- Cold liquids, popsicles, and ice chips can soothe throat discomfort, while avoiding acidic, spicy, or rough foods that may irritate the throat ulcers.
- Maintaining adequate hydration is crucial, especially since painful swallowing may lead to decreased fluid intake.
- Saltwater gargles (1/4 teaspoon salt in 8 ounces of warm water) can provide temporary relief for older children and adults.
Medical Treatment
In severe cases where pain significantly impairs fluid intake, a healthcare provider might prescribe topical anesthetics like viscous lidocaine (2% solution, used sparingly by swishing and spitting, not swallowing). Since herpangina is caused by enteroviruses (commonly Coxsackie virus), antibiotics are ineffective and not recommended. The use of interferon α-2b spray has been shown to be effective in reducing symptoms and improving oral herpes in children, with a higher rate of improved oral herpes compared to Ribavirin Aerosol 1. Parents should seek medical attention if their child shows signs of dehydration, symptoms worsen after 3-5 days, or if fever persists beyond 3 days. It is essential to note that the treatment of herpangina is mainly symptomatic, and the course of the disease generally lasts 4-6 days with a good prognosis 2.