There is no single laboratory test that covers both a complete lipid profile and liver function tests
You need to order two separate panels: a lipid panel and a comprehensive metabolic panel (CMP) or hepatic function panel to obtain both sets of tests. These are distinct test panels that measure different analytes and cannot be combined into a single test.
Why These Must Be Ordered Separately
The Lipid Panel Components
According to current guidelines, a standard lipid panel should include 1:
- Total cholesterol
- LDL cholesterol (LDL-C)
- HDL cholesterol (HDL-C)
- Non-HDL cholesterol
- Triglycerides
The Liver Function Test Components
The recommended initial liver blood test panel should include 2:
- Bilirubin
- Albumin
- ALT (alanine aminotransferase)
- ALP (alkaline phosphatase)
- GGT (gamma-glutamyl transferase)
These are fundamentally different biochemical assays that measure distinct physiological parameters—lipid metabolism versus hepatocellular function and biliary status.
Practical Ordering Strategy
Order both panels simultaneously as a "metabolic workup" to minimize patient inconvenience:
- Lipid panel (can be nonfasting for screening 1)
- Comprehensive Metabolic Panel (CMP) or Hepatic Function Panel
The CMP typically includes most liver function tests (bilirubin, albumin, ALT, ALP) along with electrolytes, glucose, and renal function. You may need to add GGT separately, as it's not always included in standard CMP panels but is recommended for comprehensive liver assessment 2.
Important Considerations
Fasting Status
Nonfasting samples are acceptable and preferred for lipid screening 1, 3, 4. Fasting is only necessary when:
- Triglycerides are >4.52 mmol/L (>400 mg/dL) 1
- Monitoring response to lipid-lowering therapy in patients with triglycerides >1.50 mmol/L 1
Liver function tests do not require fasting and can be drawn at any time 2.
Common Pitfall
Don't assume a "comprehensive metabolic panel" automatically includes GGT. Verify your laboratory's CMP includes all five recommended liver tests (bilirubin, albumin, ALT, ALP, GGT), or order GGT as an add-on 2.