What is the treatment for caseating granulomatous lymphadenitis?

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From the Guidelines

The treatment for caseating granulomatous lymphadenitis, such as Keating grands lymphadenitis, primarily involves excisional surgery without chemotherapy, with a success rate of approximately 95% 1.

Key Considerations

  • The recommended treatment is based on the strongest and most recent evidence, which suggests that excisional surgery is the most effective approach for children with NTM cervical lymphadenitis, including those with disease caused by MAC and M. scrofulaceum 1.
  • The use of anti-TB drugs alone, without a macrolide, or incisional biopsy alone, has been associated with persistent clinical disease, including sinus tract formation and chronic drainage, and should be avoided 1.
  • For children with recurrent disease, a second surgical procedure is usually performed, or an alternative approach using a clarithromycin multidrug regimen may be considered 1.

Treatment Approach

  • Excisional surgery is the primary treatment approach, with a success rate of approximately 95% 1.
  • In cases where surgical risk is high, or for children with recurrent disease, a clarithromycin multidrug regimen may be considered as an alternative approach 1.
  • Supportive care, including pain management and proper wound care, is also important for treatment success.

Important Notes

  • The diagnosis of NTM lymphadenitis is based on the histopathologic appearance of the lymph node, showing caseating granulomata with or without AFB, and a negative tuberculin skin test 1.
  • A definite diagnosis of NTM lymphadenitis is made by recovery of the causative organism from lymph node cultures 1.

From the Research

Définition de la lymphadénite granulomateuse caséeuse

  • La lymphadénite granulomateuse caséeuse est une affection caractérisée par la formation de granulomes casés dans les ganglions lymphatiques, souvent en réponse à une infection, telle que la tuberculose 2.
  • Les granulomes casés sont des agrégats de cellules immunitaires, telles que les macrophages et les lymphocytes, qui forment une structure nodulaire avec une zone centrale de nécrose caséeuse.

Traitement de la lymphadénite granulomateuse caséeuse

  • Le traitement de la lymphadénite granulomateuse caséeuse dépend de la cause sous-jacente, mais il peut inclure l'utilisation d'antibiotiques, tels que l'isoniazide, la rifampicine et la pyrazinamide, pour traiter les infections tuberculeuses 2, 3.
  • Dans certains cas, une intervention chirurgicale peut être nécessaire pour drainer les ganglions lymphatiques infectés ou pour enlever les tissus infectés 2.
  • Il est important de noter que le traitement de la lymphadénite granulomateuse caséeuse doit être adapté à chaque patient en fonction de la gravité de la maladie et de la présence de comorbidités 4, 5.

Diagnostic de la lymphadénite granulomateuse caséeuse

  • Le diagnostic de la lymphadénite granulomateuse caséeuse repose sur l'examen histopathologique des ganglions lymphatiques, qui peut révéler la présence de granulomes casés et de cellules immunitaires 6.
  • D'autres examens, tels que la radiographie thoracique et les tests de fonction hépatique, peuvent également être nécessaires pour évaluer l'étendue de la maladie et pour surveiller les effets secondaires du traitement 2, 4.

References

Guideline

Guideline Directed Topic Overview

Dr.Oracle Medical Advisory Board & Editors, 2025

Research

Tuberculous lymphadenitis: early diagnosis and intervention.

Journal of international oral health : JIOH, 2014

Research

Granulomatous lymphadenitis.

Journal of clinical and experimental hematopathology : JCEH, 2012

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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