From the Research
Elbow inflammation with fluid is called olecranon bursitis, a condition where the bursa, a small fluid-filled sac that cushions the bony prominence at the back of the elbow (olecranon), becomes irritated and inflamed, leading to fluid accumulation. This condition can occur due to various reasons such as direct trauma, repetitive pressure on the elbow, infection, or systemic conditions like gout or rheumatoid arthritis 1.
Causes and Symptoms
The symptoms of olecranon bursitis include tenderness, erythema, warmth, and swelling at the back of the elbow, and may be accompanied by fever in cases of infection 2. The condition can be acute or chronic, and distinguishing between septic and aseptic bursitis can be challenging due to overlapping physical and laboratory findings 2.
Treatment
Treatment of olecranon bursitis typically begins with conservative methods such as rest, ice application, compression, and elevation of the affected arm, as well as over-the-counter anti-inflammatory medications like ibuprofen or naproxen 3, 4. For severe cases, aspiration to remove excess fluid or corticosteroid injection may be considered, although the latter is associated with a higher risk of complications such as bursal infection and skin atrophy 3, 5. Antibiotics may be prescribed if the bursitis is infected, with the choice and duration of treatment depending on the offending bacteria and severity of the infection 2.
Management Approach
A non-surgical approach is generally recommended for the management of olecranon bursitis, as it is associated with a lower risk of complications and better clinical outcomes compared to surgical management 3, 5. However, the decision to use corticosteroid injection or aspiration should be made on a case-by-case basis, taking into account the severity of symptoms, presence of infection, and patient preferences 3, 4.
Key Considerations
It is essential to note that olecranon bursitis can become chronic or lead to complications like infection or limited elbow mobility if left untreated or inadequately managed 1, 2. Therefore, prompt and appropriate treatment is crucial to prevent long-term sequelae and improve patient outcomes.