Vitamin Deficiency (Vitamin D, Calcium, or Magnesium): Leg cramps can be caused by deficiencies in these vitamins and minerals, which are crucial for muscle function. Bruising can also occur due to poor nutrition affecting blood vessel integrity and clotting.

Dehydration: Inadequate fluid intake can lead to muscle cramps, and dehydration can also affect blood volume, potentially increasing the risk of bruising.
Medication Side Effects: Certain medications, such as diuretics, can cause leg cramps and increase the risk of bruising due to their effects on fluid balance and electrolyte levels.
Poor Circulation: Conditions like peripheral artery disease can cause leg cramps (claudication) and may also lead to bruising due to impaired blood flow.

Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT): While less common, DVT can cause leg pain and swelling, which might be mistaken for cramps, and can also lead to bruising. Missing this diagnosis can be fatal due to the risk of pulmonary embolism.
Abuse or Trauma: Bruising can be a sign of physical abuse or trauma, which must not be overlooked, especially in vulnerable populations.
Bleeding Disorders (e.g., Hemophilia): Though rare, bleeding disorders can cause significant bruising and, in some cases, muscle pain due to bleeding into the muscles.

Scurvy: Caused by vitamin C deficiency, scurvy can lead to bruising and muscle pain due to the role of vitamin C in collagen synthesis and blood vessel integrity.
Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome: A group of disorders affecting connective tissues, which can cause easy bruising, joint hypermobility, and potentially muscle cramps due to tissue fragility.
Amyloidosis: A condition characterized by the deposition of amyloid proteins in various tissues, which can cause muscle weakness, cramps, and bruising due to vascular and nerve involvement.