From the FDA Drug Label
The precise function of these receptors, however, is not yet established. Albuterol has been shown in most controlled clinical trials to have more effect on the respiratory tract in the form of bronchial smooth muscle relaxation than isoproterenol at comparable doses while producing fewer cardiovascular effects Clinically significant improvement in pulmonary function (defined as maintenance of a 15% or more increase in FEV1 over baseline values) continued for 3 to 4 hours in most patients and in some patients continued up to 6 hours
The treatment for atelectasis upon discharge from the Emergency Room (ER) may include albuterol (INH) to help with bronchial smooth muscle relaxation, which can lead to an improvement in pulmonary function. However, the FDA drug label does not directly address the treatment of atelectasis. Key points:
- Albuterol can produce a significant effect on the respiratory tract
- Clinically significant improvement in pulmonary function can continue for 3 to 4 hours in most patients
- The treatment should be given under the guidance of a healthcare professional 1
From the Research
Treatment for atelectasis upon discharge from the ER should include incentive spirometry, deep breathing exercises, and adequate pain control, as these interventions help re-expand collapsed lung tissue and prevent complications like pneumonia. Upon discharge, patients should use an incentive spirometer 10 times every hour while awake, taking slow deep breaths and holding for 3-5 seconds before exhaling, as this helps increase transpulmonary pressure and improve airflow to collapsed alveoli 2. Deep breathing exercises should be performed hourly, with 10 deep breaths followed by controlled coughing to help clear secretions. Pain management is essential, as discomfort can limit effective breathing; acetaminophen 650mg every 6 hours and/or ibuprofen 400-600mg every 6-8 hours may be prescribed if no contraindications exist. Some key points to consider when treating atelectasis include:
- Maintaining good hydration (2-3 liters of fluid daily) to keep secretions thin
- Staying physically active with regular walking to promote lung expansion
- Position changes every 1-2 hours while resting
- Avoiding smoking
- Following up with their primary care provider within 1-2 weeks Although evidence-based studies on the management of lobar atelectasis are lacking, chest physiotherapy, nebulised DNase, and possibly fibreoptic bronchoscopy might be helpful in patients with mucous plugging of the airways 3. However, the most recent and highest quality study available does not specifically address the treatment of atelectasis upon discharge from the ER, but the principles of incentive spirometry and deep breathing exercises can be applied to help prevent pulmonary complications 2.