Artificial Sweeteners Containing FODMAPs
The artificial sweeteners that contain FODMAPs are sorbitol, mannitol, maltitol, and xylitol – these are polyols commonly found in sugar-free candy, chewing gum, and "light" products 1.
Understanding Polyols as FODMAPs
Polyols represent the "P" in the FODMAP acronym (Fermentable Oligo-, Di-, Monosaccharides And Polyols). These sugar alcohols are:
- Sorbitol
- Mannitol
- Maltitol
- Xylitol
These artificial sweeteners are problematic because they increase small intestinal water volume and colonic gas production, which in patients with visceral hypersensitivity triggers gastrointestinal symptoms 2.
Where These Sweeteners Are Found
You'll encounter these FODMAP-containing artificial sweeteners in:
- Sugar-free candies and gum
- "Light" or "diet" products
- Sugar-free medications and supplements
- Processed foods marketed as low-calorie alternatives
Clinical Relevance for Low FODMAP Diets
When implementing a low FODMAP diet for IBS patients, these artificial sweeteners must be restricted during the initial 4-6 week elimination phase 3, 2. During the subsequent reintroduction phase, mannitol has been identified as one of the FODMAPs that most commonly triggers recurrent symptoms 3.
Important Caveat
Not all artificial sweeteners are FODMAPs. Sweeteners like aspartame, sucralose, and saccharin do not contain FODMAPs and can be used during a low FODMAP diet. The restriction specifically applies to the polyol-based sugar alcohols listed above.