From the Guidelines
The Dutch cap, also known as a diaphragm, is a barrier method of contraception that prevents pregnancy by covering the cervix to block sperm from entering the uterus, and it is approximately 88-94% effective at preventing pregnancy when used correctly and consistently, as supported by 1.
Key Characteristics of the Diaphragm
- It consists of a shallow, dome-shaped silicone cup with a flexible rim that is inserted into the vagina before sexual intercourse.
- For effective use, the diaphragm must be used with spermicide (typically nonoxynol-9) applied to both sides of the device and around the rim.
- It should be inserted up to 2 hours before intercourse, left in place for at least 6 hours after sex (but no longer than 24 hours total), and can be reused for multiple acts of intercourse within that timeframe with additional spermicide applied each time.
- The diaphragm comes in different sizes and requires proper fitting by a healthcare provider to ensure effectiveness.
Advantages and Effectiveness
- The diaphragm offers the advantages of being hormone-free, reusable for up to 2 years with proper care, and having no effect on future fertility, though it requires consistent and correct use to maintain effectiveness.
- According to 1, the diaphragm is 88-94% effective at preventing pregnancy when used correctly, making it a viable option for those seeking a non-hormonal form of contraception.
Comparison with Other Methods
- As noted in 1, barrier methods, including the diaphragm, can reduce the risk of STI transmission, although they may not provide the same level of protection as other forms of contraception.
- The diaphragm is less commonly recommended for adolescents due to its lower effectiveness rates compared to other methods, as stated in 1.
Proper Use and Fitting
- Proper fitting by a healthcare provider is essential to ensure the effectiveness of the diaphragm, as it comes in different sizes.
- Consistent and correct use of the diaphragm is crucial to maintain its effectiveness in preventing pregnancy, as emphasized in 1.
From the Research
Definition and Purpose of the Dutch Cap
- The Dutch cap, also known as a diaphragm, is a barrier contraceptive method used to prevent pregnancy by covering the cervix 2, 3, 4.
- It acts as a reservoir for spermicide, which helps to prevent sperm from reaching the egg 2, 3, 4.
Comparison with Other Contraceptive Methods
- The diaphragm has been compared to the cervical cap in terms of contraceptive efficacy, safety, discontinuation, and acceptability 5.
- Studies have shown that the Prentif cap, a type of cervical cap, is comparable to the diaphragm in preventing pregnancy, but the FemCap is not as effective 5.
- The diaphragm has also been compared to other barrier methods, such as the male and female condom, and spermicides 3.
Efficacy and Safety
- The efficacy of the diaphragm in preventing pregnancy varies, with reported pregnancy rates ranging from 8-15% 6.
- The diaphragm is considered a safe method of contraception, with few reported complications 5, 6.
- However, some studies have reported a higher risk of urinary tract infections with the use of certain types of diaphragms 5, 6.
Types of Diaphragms and Gels
- There are different types of diaphragms and cervical caps available, including single-size diaphragms and cervical caps 6.
- Different types of gels, such as acid-buffering gels and spermicidal nonoxynol-9 gels, have also been studied in terms of their ability to prevent pregnancy 6.
- The choice of diaphragm or gel may depend on individual preferences and needs 6.