What is the best flap for skin cancer excision over the glabella?

Medical Advisory BoardAll articles are reviewed for accuracy by our Medical Advisory Board
Educational purpose only • Exercise caution as content is pending human review
Article Review Status
Submitted
Under Review
Approved

Last updated: June 11, 2025View editorial policy

Personalize

Help us tailor your experience

Which best describes you? Your choice helps us use language that's most understandable for you.

From the Research

The glabellar superciliary bilobed flap is the best option for skin cancer excision over the glabella, as it provides excellent cosmesis and is associated with minimal complications, as demonstrated in a recent study 1. This flap utilizes adjacent tissue from the forehead to reconstruct the defect while maintaining good aesthetic outcomes. The bilobed design allows for effective closure of the primary defect while distributing tension across multiple tissue planes, which is particularly important in the glabella region where skin is less mobile and directly overlies bone. When performing this procedure, careful planning of the flap is essential, with the primary lobe typically designed to be about 90-100% of the defect size and the secondary lobe slightly smaller. The flap should be elevated in the subcutaneous plane to preserve blood supply. Some of the key benefits of this flap include:

  • Excellent cosmesis, with highly satisfactory aesthetic outcomes for both surgeons and patients 1
  • Minimal complications, with no intraoperative complications reported in a series of 30 patients 1
  • Effective closure of the primary defect, with primary closure of the donor site achieved in all cases without wound dehiscence 1 Alternative options, such as paramedian forehead flaps for larger defects or advancement flaps, may be considered, but the glabellar superciliary bilobed flap often provides superior cosmetic results with minimal distortion of surrounding anatomical landmarks like eyebrows. The glabellar region's unique position between the eyebrows makes reconstruction challenging, and the glabellar superciliary bilobed flap addresses this by recruiting tissue with similar color, texture, and thickness while minimizing donor site morbidity. Other studies have also demonstrated the effectiveness of bilobed flaps in skin cancer reconstruction, including a study of 285 patients with basal cell carcinomas or squamous cell carcinomas, which reported completely acceptable aesthetic and functional results in 96.4% of patients 2. However, the most recent and highest-quality study, published in 2022, supports the use of the glabellar superciliary bilobed flap for reconstruction of large medial canthus region defects, making it the recommended choice for skin cancer excision over the glabella 1.

References

Research

Glabellar superciliary bilobed flap for reconstruction of large medial canthus region defect.

The British journal of oral & maxillofacial surgery, 2022

Research

The bilobed flap in skin cancer of the face: our experience on 285 cases.

Journal of cranio-maxillo-facial surgery : official publication of the European Association for Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery, 2010

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

Have a follow-up question?

Our Medical A.I. is used by practicing medical doctors at top research institutions around the world. Ask any follow up question and get world-class guideline-backed answers instantly.