From the Research
Horny goat weed may potentially affect liver health, though research is limited, and individuals with existing liver conditions should avoid this supplement entirely or use it with caution under medical supervision. The effects of Epimedium (Horny Goat Weed) on liver function are not well-studied, but available evidence suggests that the active compound icariin and other flavonoids in horny goat weed are metabolized by the liver, which may increase the organ's workload 1.
Key Considerations
- Signs of liver problems include yellowing skin or eyes, dark urine, abdominal pain, or unusual fatigue - if you experience these while taking horny goat weed, stop immediately and consult a healthcare provider.
- To minimize risks, use only standardized products from reputable manufacturers, follow dosage instructions (typically 250-500 mg daily), avoid combining with alcohol or medications processed by the liver, and consider periodic breaks from supplementation.
- Always consult with a healthcare provider before starting any herbal supplement, especially if you have existing health conditions or take other medications.
Evidence Review
Studies on the effects of horny goat weed on liver function are limited, but a study on the pharmacological mechanisms of Yinyanghuo (Epimedium) found that it may have a role in regulating molecular functions and biological processes related to erectile dysfunction 1. Another study on the erectogenic and neurotrophic effects of icariin found that it may have neurotrophic effects in addition to its known phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibiting effects 2. However, a study on the phytochemical and biological assessments of Lipidium meyenii (maca) and Epimidium sagittatum (horny goat weed) found that horny goat weed has dual action, with slight stimulation action at low doses and little depressive effect at high doses 3. A study on the serum protein and enzyme levels in rats following administration of ethanolic leaf extract of Ageratum conyzoides (goat weed) found that ingestion of the extract may not be toxic at the doses investigated 4.
Recommendations
Based on the available evidence, it is recommended that individuals with existing liver conditions avoid taking horny goat weed supplements or use them with caution under medical supervision. Additionally, individuals considering taking horny goat weed supplements should be aware of the potential risks and take steps to minimize them, such as using standardized products, following dosage instructions, and avoiding combinations with alcohol or medications processed by the liver. Always consult with a healthcare provider before starting any herbal supplement, especially if you have existing health conditions or take other medications 5, 1.