Single most likely diagnosis
- Infectious mononucleosis: This condition, caused by Epstein-Barr virus, is known to cause palatal petechiae, along with other symptoms like fever, sore throat, and lymphadenopathy. The presence of palatal petechiae is a significant clue that points towards infectious mononucleosis.
Other Likely diagnoses
- Acute streptococcal pharyngitis: This bacterial infection can cause petechiae on the palate, in addition to symptoms like severe sore throat, fever, and swollen lymph nodes.
- Viral pharyngitis: Other viral infections can also lead to palatal petechiae, though they might not be as commonly associated with this symptom as infectious mononucleosis.
Do Not Miss (ddxs that may not be likely, but would be deadly if missed.)
- Meningococcemia: Although rare, this condition can cause petechiae, including on the palate, and is a medical emergency due to its potential for rapid progression to sepsis and meningitis.
- Leukemia: Certain types of leukemia can cause petechiae due to thrombocytopenia or platelet dysfunction. Early diagnosis is crucial for effective management.
Rare diagnoses
- Wegener's granulomatosis: A rare autoimmune disorder that can affect various parts of the body, including the respiratory tract, and might cause palatal petechiae among other symptoms.
- Lymphoma: Some types of lymphoma can cause petechiae, including those that affect the oral cavity and palate, though this would be a rare presentation.