From the Research
Leukocytosis is a normal finding in pregnant women, with the white blood cell count typically increasing throughout pregnancy, especially in the third trimester. This physiological change is primarily due to an increase in neutrophils, which helps protect both mother and fetus from infections 1. The elevated white blood cell count is part of the body's normal adaptation to pregnancy and is driven by increased estrogen levels, physical and emotional stress, and the body's preparation for potential blood loss during delivery.
Some key points to consider:
- Normal values for white blood cell count in pregnant women range from 5,000-12,000 cells/μL in early pregnancy to 14,000-16,000 cells/μL or even up to 20,000 cells/μL near term 1.
- The increase in white blood cell count is mainly due to an increase in neutrophils, which is a normal response to the physiological changes of pregnancy 2.
- Healthcare providers should be aware of these normal pregnancy-related changes when interpreting complete blood counts to avoid misdiagnosis or unnecessary treatment.
- However, extremely high white blood cell counts (above 20,000 cells/μL) or counts accompanied by other concerning symptoms may still warrant further investigation to rule out infection or other pathological conditions 3.
It's essential to note that while leukocytosis is a normal finding in pregnancy, other conditions, such as infections or inflammatory processes, can also cause an increase in white blood cell count 3. Therefore, a thorough evaluation of the patient's symptoms, medical history, and laboratory results is necessary to determine the underlying cause of leukocytosis.
In the context of pregnancy, it's crucial to prioritize the health and well-being of both the mother and the fetus. The most recent and highest quality study 1 provides evidence that leukocytosis is a normal finding in pregnant women, and healthcare providers should be aware of this when interpreting laboratory results. By understanding the normal physiological changes that occur during pregnancy, healthcare providers can provide better care and avoid unnecessary interventions.