From the Research
The primary treatment for otosclerosis is surgery, specifically a stapedotomy procedure, as it has been shown to be an effective technique with limited complications, as demonstrated in a study published in 2021 1. This surgical procedure involves removing all or part of the stapes bone that has become fixed due to abnormal bone growth and replacing it with a prosthesis, thereby restoring the mechanical movement necessary for sound transmission to the inner ear. The procedure is typically performed under local anesthesia as an outpatient surgery and has a high success rate in improving hearing, with some studies suggesting a success rate of approximately 90% 1. Recovery usually requires 1-2 weeks of avoiding water in the ear, heavy lifting, and air travel, and hearing improvement may be immediate or develop gradually over several weeks. Some key points to consider when treating otosclerosis include:
- The importance of surgical experience in preventing complications and minimizing their impact 2
- The potential use of hearing aids as an effective alternative treatment for patients who cannot or choose not to undergo surgery
- The possible use of medical treatments, such as sodium fluoride, bisphosphonates, or vitamin D supplements, to slow disease progression, although these do not reverse hearing loss that has already occurred 3, 4
- The fact that otosclerosis typically affects both ears, so patients should be aware that the second ear may require treatment in the future 5. It is essential to weigh the potential benefits and risks of each treatment option and consider the individual patient's needs and circumstances when making a decision. In general, the goal of treatment is to improve hearing, reduce symptoms, and enhance the patient's quality of life, while minimizing the risk of complications and morbidity. By prioritizing the most recent and highest-quality evidence, clinicians can provide the best possible care for patients with otosclerosis.