From the Research
Cephalohematoma typically requires no specific treatment as it usually resolves on its own within a few weeks to months. Watchful waiting is the standard approach, allowing the body to reabsorb the collected blood between the skull and periosteum naturally. Parents or caregivers should monitor the size of the cephalohematoma and watch for signs of infection such as increased redness, warmth, or fever. Pain management, if needed, can include acetaminophen (Tylenol) at age-appropriate doses. Avoid direct pressure on the affected area and never attempt to drain the cephalohematoma at home. In rare cases where the cephalohematoma is very large or persists beyond 3-4 months, medical evaluation may be necessary. Some key points to consider in the management of cephalohematoma include:
- Monitoring for signs of infection, such as increased redness, warmth, or fever, as infection can be a complication, with Escherichia coli being a common pathogen 1, 2, 3.
- Avoiding direct pressure on the affected area to prevent further injury.
- Considering medical evaluation if the cephalohematoma is very large or persists beyond 3-4 months.
- Being aware that complications such as anemia, jaundice, or infection may require additional treatment. The condition resolves without intervention because the body gradually breaks down and reabsorbs the collected blood, though calcification may temporarily occur at the site before complete resolution, as noted in a study on early needle aspiration of large infant cephalohematoma 4. Most cephalohematomas in newborns completely disappear by 6-12 weeks of age without leaving any permanent effects. However, in cases where infection is suspected, aspiration of the hematoma may be necessary for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, as highlighted in a case-based review of infected cephalohematomas and underlying osteomyelitis 3. Point-of-care ultrasound can also be a useful tool in distinguishing between a subgaleal hematoma and a cephalohematoma, helping to risk-stratify patients and determine the need for further imaging 5.