From the Guidelines
Yes, creatine supplementation can increase serum creatinine levels. According to a study published in the American Journal of Kidney Diseases in 2020 1, creatine monohydrate has been associated with rhabdomyolysis, and its use can lead to an increase in serum creatinine levels. This is because creatine is converted to creatinine in the body through a non-enzymatic reaction. When you take creatine supplements, your body has more creatine to convert to creatinine, leading to a potential increase in serum creatinine levels.
Key Points to Consider
- The increase in serum creatinine levels due to creatine supplementation is not necessarily a cause for concern, as it does not indicate kidney damage.
- However, it is essential to inform your healthcare provider about creatine supplementation before kidney function testing to avoid misinterpretation of results.
- The study highlights the importance of considering the potential effects of dietary supplements, including creatine, on kidney function and serum creatinine levels, especially in individuals with pre-existing kidney issues or those who have undergone kidney donation.
Clinical Implications
- Healthcare providers should be aware of the potential for creatine supplementation to increase serum creatinine levels and take this into account when interpreting kidney function test results.
- Patients taking creatine supplements should be informed about the potential for increased serum creatinine levels and the importance of disclosing this information to their healthcare provider.
From the Research
Effects of Creatine Supplementation on Serum Creatinine Levels
- Creatine supplementation may increase serum creatinine concentration for some individuals, but it does not necessarily indicate kidney dysfunction, as creatine is spontaneously converted into creatinine 2.
- The increase in serum creatinine levels due to creatine supplementation can be transient and may mimic a kidney disease, especially if combined with a high protein diet 3.
- There have been case reports where creatine supplementation resulted in raised serum creatinine in the absence of underlying kidney pathology, with abnormalities reversing after discontinuation of the supplement 4.
Safety of Creatine Supplementation for Kidney Function
- Clinical trials with controlled designs do not support the claim that creatine supplementation impairs kidney function, and creatine supplements have been shown to be safe for human consumption 2.
- A systematic review and meta-analysis found that creatine supplementation did not significantly alter serum creatinine levels or plasma urea values, indicating no renal damage 5.
- Studies have also found that creatine supplementation does not affect indices of hepatic and renal function, with no indication of impairment to haematological indices or muscle damage 6.