Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV): This condition is characterized by brief, intense episodes of vertigo triggered by specific head movements. The improvement of symptoms with closing eyes suggests a vestibular cause, and BPPV is a common vestibular disorder that can cause severe dizziness.

Vestibular Migraine: This condition can cause vertigo, dizziness, and sensitivity to visual stimuli, which might explain the improvement with closing eyes. Vestibular migraines are a common cause of episodic vertigo.
Meniere's Disease: Although less likely to be directly improved by closing eyes, Meniere's disease can cause severe vertigo episodes. The visual component might exacerbate symptoms, making eye closure seem beneficial.
Labyrinthitis: An inner ear disorder that can cause severe dizziness and vertigo. While not directly related to eye closure, the reduction in visual input might help stabilize the patient's perception, temporarily alleviating symptoms.

Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA): Although less common, a stroke or TIA can present with sudden onset of dizziness or vertigo. The improvement with eye closure does not rule out these conditions, and missing them could be catastrophic.
Multiple Sclerosis: In rare cases, multiple sclerosis can present with vertigo as an initial symptom. The visual component might exacerbate symptoms, and while not directly improved by eye closure, this diagnosis should not be missed due to its significant implications.

Mal de Debarquement Syndrome: A rare condition characterized by a persistent feeling of swaying or imbalance after exposure to motion (like a boat). It might improve slightly with eye closure due to reduced visual conflict.
Superior Canal Dehiscence: A rare condition where there is an abnormal opening in the bone overlying the superior canal of the inner ear. It can cause vertigo and might be slightly improved with eye closure, although this is less characteristic.