Mesenteric Venous Thrombosis (MVT): This condition is directly related to the presence of a mesenteric vein clot and can cause abdominal pain due to the resulting bowel ischemia or infarction. The clot in the mesenteric vein obstructs blood flow, leading to tissue damage.

Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD): Conditions like Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis can increase the risk of thrombosis due to inflammation and hypercoagulability. Abdominal pain is a common symptom.
Diverticulitis: Inflammation of a diverticulum in the digestive tract can cause abdominal pain and may be associated with venous thrombosis due to localized inflammation.
Pancreatitis: Both acute and chronic pancreatitis can cause abdominal pain and may lead to or be associated with mesenteric vein thrombosis due to the proximity of the pancreas to the mesenteric veins and the potential for pancreatic inflammation to cause thrombosis.

Bowel Infarction: A potentially life-threatening condition that can result from mesenteric vein thrombosis. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent significant morbidity and mortality.
Cancer: Certain types of cancer, such as pancreatic cancer, can cause mesenteric vein thrombosis and abdominal pain. Missing a diagnosis of cancer could have severe consequences.
Intra-abdominal Infections: Conditions like appendicitis or peritonitis can cause severe abdominal pain and may be associated with venous thrombosis due to the inflammatory response.

Thrombophilic Disorders: Conditions such as Factor V Leiden or antithrombin deficiency can increase the risk of venous thrombosis, including in the mesenteric veins, but are less common causes of abdominal pain and mesenteric vein clot.
Vasculitis: Inflammation of the blood vessels, such as in polyarteritis nodosa, can rarely cause mesenteric vein thrombosis and abdominal pain.
Congenital Anomalies of the Mesenteric Veins: Abnormalities in the development of the mesenteric veins can predispose to thrombosis, but these are exceedingly rare.