Differential Diagnosis for 14 Month Old with Left Knee Redness and Fever
- Single Most Likely Diagnosis
- Septic Arthritis: This is a common and serious condition in young children, where bacteria infect the joint space, causing redness, swelling, and fever. The knee is a commonly affected joint, and prompt diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent long-term damage.
- Other Likely Diagnoses
- Osteomyelitis: An infection of the bone, which can cause redness, swelling, and fever in the affected area. The proximity of the bone to the knee joint makes it a possible diagnosis.
- Trauma: A minor injury to the knee can cause redness and swelling, especially if the child has fallen or been injured while playing.
- Viral Syndrome: Some viral infections, such as roseola or viral exanthems, can cause fever and rash, which may be mistaken for redness in the knee.
- Do Not Miss Diagnoses
- Meningococcemia: A severe and potentially life-threatening infection caused by Neisseria meningitidis, which can cause fever, rash, and joint pain. Although rare, it is essential to consider this diagnosis due to its high mortality rate if left untreated.
- Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA): A chronic autoimmune disease that can cause joint inflammation, fever, and rash. While less common, JIA can have a significant impact on the child's quality of life if not diagnosed and treated promptly.
- Osteosarcoma: A type of bone cancer that can cause pain, swelling, and redness in the affected area. Although rare in young children, it is essential to consider this diagnosis to ensure prompt treatment and prevent long-term consequences.
- Rare Diagnoses
- Lyme Arthritis: A rare condition caused by Borrelia burgdorferi infection, which can cause joint pain, swelling, and fever. Although uncommon, it is essential to consider this diagnosis in areas where Lyme disease is prevalent.
- Rheumatic Fever: A rare complication of streptococcal infection, which can cause joint pain, fever, and rash. Although rare, it is essential to consider this diagnosis due to its potential long-term consequences on the heart.