What diagnosis code can be used for a person with chronic bronchitis experiencing a flare-up with increased cough, shortness of breath (SOB), and wheezing?

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Last updated: June 20, 2025View editorial policy

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From the Guidelines

The appropriate diagnosis code for a person with chronic bronchitis experiencing a flare-up with increased cough, shortness of breath, and wheezing is J44.1 (Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with acute exacerbation). This code specifically captures the acute worsening of chronic bronchitis symptoms, which is a form of COPD, as noted in the 2017 Global Strategy for the Diagnosis, Management, and Prevention of Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease report 1. When documenting this condition, it's essential to note the specific symptoms of exacerbation, including the increased cough, shortness of breath, and wheezing, to support the diagnosis.

The J44.1 code is preferred over the simple chronic bronchitis code (J42) because it accurately reflects the current acute-on-chronic nature of the patient's condition. This distinction is clinically significant as it indicates the need for more aggressive treatment of the acute symptoms while continuing management of the underlying chronic condition. The exacerbation typically requires intensification of bronchodilator therapy, possible corticosteroids, and sometimes antibiotics if infection is suspected as the trigger for the flare-up, as suggested by the American College of Chest Physicians (ACCP) guidelines 1.

Key considerations in managing this condition include:

  • Identifying and addressing potential triggers for the exacerbation, such as respiratory infections or environmental factors 1.
  • Assessing the severity of the exacerbation, which may be classified as mild, moderate, or severe, to guide treatment decisions 1.
  • Monitoring for complications, such as acute respiratory failure, and adjusting treatment accordingly 1.
  • Considering the patient's history of exacerbations, lung function, and overall health status to inform management and prevention strategies 1.

By using the J44.1 code and considering these factors, healthcare providers can ensure that patients with chronic bronchitis experiencing a flare-up receive appropriate and timely care to manage their symptoms and prevent further complications.

From the Research

Diagnosis Code for Chronic Bronchitis Flare-up

To diagnose a flare-up of chronic bronchitis with increased cough, shortness of breath (SOB), and wheezing, the following diagnosis codes can be considered:

  • Chronic bronchitis with acute exacerbation
  • Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with acute exacerbation

Description of the Flare-up

The flare-up can be described as an acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis, characterized by:

  • Increased cough
  • Shortness of breath (SOB)
  • Wheezing This description is consistent with the symptoms of acute exacerbations of COPD, as discussed in the study by 2 and 3.

Relevant Studies

The studies by 2 and 3 discuss the treatment of acute exacerbations of COPD, which may be relevant to the diagnosis and treatment of a chronic bronchitis flare-up. The study by 4 discusses the diagnosis and treatment of acute bronchitis, which may also be relevant. The study by 5 discusses the response to corticosteroids in chronic bronchitis, which may be relevant to the treatment of a flare-up. The study by 6 discusses the diagnosis and treatment of chronic cough, which may be relevant to the diagnosis of a chronic bronchitis flare-up.

Key Points

  • Chronic bronchitis with acute exacerbation is a possible diagnosis code for a flare-up of chronic bronchitis with increased cough, SOB, and wheezing.
  • The flare-up can be described as an acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis, characterized by increased cough, SOB, and wheezing.
  • The studies by 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 provide relevant information on the diagnosis and treatment of acute exacerbations of COPD, acute bronchitis, and chronic cough.

References

Guideline

Guideline Directed Topic Overview

Dr.Oracle Medical Advisory Board & Editors, 2025

Research

Use of azithromycin in the treatment of acute exacerbations of COPD.

International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 2008

Research

Diagnosis and treatment of acute bronchitis.

American family physician, 2010

Research

Response to corticosteroids in chronic bronchitis.

The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology, 1978

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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