From the Guidelines
Monteiro, also known as Montelukast, does not have a significant risk of elevating liver enzymes, whereas Zaria is not a recognized medication in the provided evidence, but based on the information about Zafirlukast, a similar-sounding medication, it can cause liver enzyme elevation. The risk of liver enzyme elevation with Montelukast is not explicitly stated in the provided evidence as a significant concern 1. However, for medications like Zafirlukast, postmarketing surveillance has reported cases of reversible hepatitis and, rarely, irreversible hepatic failure resulting in death and liver transplantation 1. Given the potential for liver enzyme elevation with certain medications, it's crucial to monitor liver function tests, especially in patients with pre-existing liver disease or those taking other hepatotoxic medications. For patients taking medications that may affect liver enzymes, baseline liver function tests should be obtained before starting therapy, with follow-up testing as necessary. The mechanism behind liver enzyme elevations involves drug metabolism in the liver, where medications can cause hepatocellular stress. Key points to consider include:
- Monitoring liver function tests in patients taking potentially hepatotoxic medications
- Being aware of the signs and symptoms of liver enzyme elevation
- Adjusting medication regimens as necessary to minimize the risk of liver damage
- Considering alternative medications with lower risks of hepatotoxicity when possible. In the context of real-life clinical medicine, prioritizing patient safety and closely monitoring for potential adverse effects is essential when prescribing medications that may affect liver enzymes 1.
From the Research
Liver Enzyme Elevation
There is no direct evidence to suggest that Monteiro or Zaria will elevate liver enzymes. The provided studies do not mention these specific substances.
Relevant Studies
- A study from 2004 2 discusses the use of herbal supplements for chronic liver disease, but does not mention Monteiro or Zaria.
- A 2020 study 3 investigates the efficacy and safety of omega-3 fatty acids on liver-related outcomes in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, but does not mention Monteiro or Zaria.
- A 2022 study 4 examines the effect of the Mediterranean diet on liver enzymes, but does not mention Monteiro or Zaria.
- A 2024 study 5 reviews the effects of natural products and dietary interventions on liver enzymes, but does not mention Monteiro or Zaria.
- A 2001 study 6 reports a case of severe hepatotoxicity from trazodone therapy, but does not mention Monteiro or Zaria.
Key Findings
- The Mediterranean diet may improve liver enzymes, with significant reductions in AST and GGT 4.
- Certain natural products, such as nigella sativa, garlic, and curcumin, may have positive effects on liver enzymes 5.
- However, the overall methodological quality of the included studies was relatively poor, and further clinical trials are necessary to establish the effectiveness of supplements that reduce liver enzymes 5.
Substances and Liver Enzymes
- The following substances have been studied for their effects on liver enzymes:
- Omega-3 fatty acids: may improve liver-related outcomes in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease 3.
- Mediterranean diet: may improve liver enzymes, with significant reductions in AST and GGT 4.
- Natural products: certain products, such as nigella sativa, garlic, and curcumin, may have positive effects on liver enzymes 5.
- Trazodone: may cause hepatotoxicity, with a reported case of severe hepatotoxicity after short-term therapy 6.