From the Research
Vertical lines on nails, also known as ridges or bands, typically indicate normal aging of the nail plate, but can sometimes signal underlying health conditions, such as nutritional deficiencies or systemic diseases, as noted in a recent study 1. When considering the potential causes of vertical lines on nails, it's essential to examine the nail plate and surrounding tissue for any signs of trauma, infection, or other abnormalities.
- Key factors to consider include:
- Nutritional deficiencies, particularly of iron, magnesium, or vitamin B12
- Trauma to the nail matrix
- Dehydration
- Systemic conditions like rheumatoid arthritis or peripheral vascular disease
- Rare cases of Darier disease or lichen planus According to a study published in the American family physician 2, certain nail abnormalities can be indicative of underlying systemic diseases. However, the most recent and highest quality study on the topic, published in the Annals of medicine 1, suggests that nail changes can be a clue to an underlying systemic disease or infection, and that examination of the nails is essential at every medical visit. Therefore, if the ridges appear suddenly or are accompanied by other nail changes, it's advisable to consult a healthcare provider for a thorough evaluation and diagnosis, as recommended by the study 1. In terms of management, keeping nails and cuticles moisturized can help minimize the appearance of vertical ridges, and regular use of biotin supplements (2.5-5mg daily) may strengthen nails in some people, though evidence is limited, as noted in the study 1. It's also important to consider the potential for other nail conditions, such as leukonychia, which can provide important clues about underlying systemic and skin disease, as discussed in a recent review published in the American journal of clinical dermatology 3.