From the Research
Goblet cells are most abundant in the fornix of the bulbar conjunctiva, with the highest density found in the inferior nasal bulbar conjunctiva and the lid wiper on the lid margin. The distribution of goblet cells varies across the conjunctiva, with their concentration progressively increasing from the limbus toward the fornix 1. This anatomical arrangement ensures optimal mucin production in areas where tear film stability is most needed. The strategic location of goblet cells in the fornix allows for efficient mucin delivery to the tear film during blinking, contributing to the eye's defense mechanism against environmental irritants and pathogens. Some key points to consider:
- Goblet cell density is significantly higher in the non-photoexposed conjunctiva compared to the photoexposed bulbar conjunctiva 2.
- The number of conjunctival goblet cells and MUC5AC expression/secretion are decreased in patients with dry eye 1.
- Goblet cell density can be accurately assessed using in vivo laser scanning confocal microscopy, which correlates strongly with conjunctival impression cytology 3.
- The density of goblet cells in the bulbar conjunctiva can be increased with topical treatments such as cyclosporine emulsion and rebamipide 4, 1. Overall, the location and density of goblet cells in the bulbar conjunctiva play a crucial role in maintaining ocular surface health, and their assessment and treatment can be important in managing dry eye and other ocular surface diseases.