What is the difference between partial hemianopia and complete hemianopia?

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Last updated: June 24, 2025View editorial policy

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From the Research

The main difference between partial hemianopia and complete hemianopia lies in the extent of visual field loss, with complete hemianopia resulting in total loss of vision in exactly half of the visual field and partial hemianopia involving incomplete loss of vision within half of the visual field. The distinction between these two conditions is crucial for determining the appropriate treatment approach and rehabilitation strategy. In complete hemianopia, the damage to the visual pathway posterior to the optic chiasm, typically in the optic tract, lateral geniculate nucleus, optic radiation, or visual cortex, results in a total loss of vision in half of the visual field, affecting both eyes 1. On the other hand, partial hemianopia involves incomplete loss of vision within half of the visual field, where some areas within the affected half may retain some visual function, often due to incomplete damage to the visual pathway or damage affecting specific portions of the visual processing areas 2. Both conditions can result from stroke, trauma, tumors, or other neurological conditions affecting the visual pathway, but they differ in severity and functional impact on the patient's vision. Treatment approaches for both conditions may include visual rehabilitation strategies, such as compensatory techniques, and addressing the underlying cause when possible, with visual search training showing promise in improving vision-related quality of life 3. Some studies have also explored the use of prism glasses as a low vision optical device for hemianopia, with reported benefits in obstacle avoidance, although the long-term adaptation and perceived direction can be limited 4. Overall, understanding the differences between partial and complete hemianopia is essential for providing effective rehabilitation and improving the patient's quality of life. Key points to consider in the management of hemianopia include:

  • The extent of visual field loss and its impact on daily activities
  • The underlying cause of the condition and potential for recovery
  • The most appropriate rehabilitation strategy, including visual search training and compensatory techniques
  • The potential benefits and limitations of low vision optical devices, such as prism glasses.

References

Research

Rehabilitation of hemianopia.

Current opinion in neurology, 2009

Research

Clinical and laboratory evaluation of peripheral prism glasses for hemianopia.

Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry, 2009

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This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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