From the Research
For patients with End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD), the most suitable low-phosphorus cheese options, based on the latest evidence, include calcium carbonate-enriched cheese, as it has been shown to improve nutrition, compliance, and phosphorus control 1. When consuming cheese, portion control is essential, limiting intake to about 1-2 ounces per serving. Patients should look for natural cheeses rather than processed cheese products, which often contain phosphate additives that are more readily absorbed by the body. Some key points to consider:
- Reading food labels is important, as manufacturers may add phosphates as preservatives or emulsifiers.
- The phosphorus restriction is necessary because ESRD patients cannot effectively clear phosphorus through their kidneys, leading to hyperphosphatemia, which contributes to bone disease, cardiovascular complications, and increased mortality risk.
- Even when consuming lower phosphorus cheese options, ESRD patients should include these foods within their overall renal diet plan and phosphorus budget, typically 800-1000 mg daily, as recommended by their nephrologist or renal dietitian.
- A recent study found that calcium carbonate-enriched cheese may represent an interesting means of overcoming some of the dietary limitations in patients on dialysis to help them achieve better nutrition and quality of life 1.
- It is also important to note that some foods, including cheese, may contain hidden phosphates in the form of additives, which can worsen phosphate balance control and increase the need for phosphate binders and related costs 2.
- Therefore, patients with ESRD should be aware of the phosphorus content in their food and choose options that are low in phosphorus to minimize the risk of hyperphosphatemia and its associated complications.