From the Guidelines
The primary treatment for asbestosis involves stopping further asbestos exposure, managing symptoms, and preventing disease progression, with a focus on improving quality of life and reducing morbidity and mortality. The management of asbestosis, as outlined in the American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine 1, emphasizes the importance of removing the patient from further exposure to asbestos or other significant occupational and environmental exposures to avoid more rapid progression of lung disease.
Key components of asbestosis treatment include:
- Immunization against pneumococcal pneumonia and annual influenza vaccine to prevent respiratory infections that could worsen lung function 1
- Effective management of concurrent chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or asthma, if present, to reduce morbidity from mixed disease 1
- Consideration of supplemental oxygen therapy for patients with low blood oxygen levels
- Pulmonary rehabilitation programs to improve exercise capacity and quality of life
- Smoking cessation, as smoking accelerates lung damage when combined with asbestosis
In severe cases, cor pulmonale, secondary polycythemia, and respiratory insufficiency and failure are treated in the conventional manner in patients with asbestosis 1. Regular follow-up with pulmonary function tests every 6-12 months helps monitor disease progression. These approaches aim to slow disease progression and improve quality of life, as the lung scarring from asbestos fibers is permanent and irreversible once it occurs.
From the Research
Treatment for Asbestosis
The treatment for asbestosis is primarily focused on relieving symptoms and slowing the progression of the disease.
- There is no cure for asbestosis, and treatment is usually palliative 2.
- Patients with asbestosis may receive oxygen therapy to help increase oxygen levels in the blood 3.
- In some cases, medications such as bronchodilators may be prescribed to help improve lung function 3.
- Pulmonary rehabilitation programs may also be recommended to help improve breathing and overall health 3.
Management of Related Conditions
It's also important to manage related conditions, such as:
- Lung cancer: treatment is identical to that of any patient with lung cancer 3.
- Malignant mesothelioma: curative treatment is not possible, and screening is not justified 2.
- Patients with asbestosis or lung cancer should receive influenza and pneumococcal vaccinations 3.
Ongoing Care
Ongoing care for patients with asbestosis is crucial, and may include: