From the Guidelines
Treatment for dry eye syndrome typically involves a combination of artificial tears, lifestyle changes, and possibly prescription medications, with cyclosporine (Restasis) being a preferred option due to its ability to increase tear production by reducing inflammation, as demonstrated in a study published in 2024 1. The goal of treatment is to reduce symptoms and improve quality of life by maintaining adequate eye lubrication and reducing inflammation on the eye surface. Some key treatment options include:
- Over-the-counter artificial tear drops or lubricating eye drops, with preservative-free formulations recommended for frequent use
- Prescription medications like cyclosporine (Restasis) or lifitegrast (Xiidra) to increase tear production by reducing inflammation
- Warm compresses applied to closed eyelids for 5-10 minutes daily to help unclog oil glands
- Environmental modifications, such as using a humidifier, avoiding direct air flow to the eyes, taking regular breaks from screen time using the 20-20-20 rule, and staying hydrated
- In more severe cases, punctal plugs may be inserted to block tear drainage and keep eyes moist, as discussed in a study published in 2024 1. It's also important to note that omega-3 fatty acid supplements (1000-2000mg daily) may improve tear quality, although their effectiveness is still being researched, as mentioned in a study published in 2019 1. Ultimately, the most effective treatment plan will depend on the individual patient's needs and the severity of their dry eye syndrome, and may involve a combination of these approaches, as outlined in a study published in 2024 1.
From the FDA Drug Label
Uses For the temporary relief of burning, irritation, and discomfort due to dryness of the eye or exposure to wind or sun. May be used as a protectant against further irritation. The treatment for dry eye syndrome is the use of carboxymethylcellulose (TOP) for the temporary relief of burning, irritation, and discomfort due to dryness of the eye 2.
- It may be used as a protectant against further irritation.
- The main goal is to provide relief from dryness and discomfort.
From the Research
Treatment Options for Dry Eye Syndrome
- Artificial tears are often the first line of treatment for dry eye syndrome, with studies showing that they can provide relief from symptoms 3.
- Topical corticosteroids, such as loteprednol etabonate, can be effective in treating moderate-to-severe dry eye disease, especially in patients with a pronounced inflammatory component 4.
- Cyclosporine can also be used to treat dry eye, and may be more effective when used in combination with punctal occlusion or artificial tears 5.
- Sodium hyaluronate and carboxymethylcellulose are two common ingredients in artificial tears, and have been shown to be effective in treating mild to moderate dry eye disease 6.
Specific Treatment Regimens
- Loteprednol etabonate ophthalmic suspension 0.5% has been shown to improve signs and symptoms of dry eye disease, and can be used as monotherapy or in combination with artificial tears 4.
- Cyclosporine 0.05% ophthalmic emulsion can be used twice daily, and may be more effective when used in combination with punctal occlusion or artificial tears 5.
- Sodium hyaluronate 0.1% and carboxymethylcellulose 0.5% can be used 6 times a day, and have been shown to be effective in treating mild to moderate dry eye disease 6.
Emerging Treatments
- Hyaluronate-containing artificial tears, such as Soha Liquigel, have been shown to provide bio-protection, osmo-protection, and anti-oxidant benefits in in vitro models of dry eye disease 7.
- The combination of sodium hyaluronate and trehalose may be more effective than sodium hyaluronate alone in mitigating markers of dry eye disease 7.