What is the primary cause of body odor?

Medical Advisory BoardAll articles are reviewed for accuracy by our Medical Advisory Board
Educational purpose only • Exercise caution as content is pending human review
Article Review Status
Submitted
Under Review
Approved

Last updated: June 26, 2025View editorial policy

Personalize

Help us tailor your experience

Which best describes you? Your choice helps us use language that's most understandable for you.

From the Research

Body odor is primarily caused by bacteria breaking down sweat on the skin's surface, a process that can be influenced by various factors including genetics, diet, and hygiene practices. When we sweat, the moisture provides an ideal environment for skin bacteria to multiply and metabolize proteins and fatty acids in our sweat, producing odorous compounds as byproducts 1. This process occurs mainly in areas with many apocrine sweat glands like the armpits, groin, and feet. These specialized glands become active during puberty and produce a protein-rich secretion that bacteria particularly favor.

The intensity of body odor can be influenced by several factors including:

  • Genetics
  • Diet
  • Certain medications
  • Medical conditions
  • Hormone levels

To manage body odor effectively, the following practices are recommended:

  • Regular bathing with antibacterial soap
  • Using antiperspirants or deodorants
  • Wearing breathable fabrics
  • Maintaining good hygiene practices

Antiperspirants containing aluminum compounds reduce sweating by temporarily blocking sweat ducts, while deodorants mask odor and create an acidic environment that discourages bacterial growth 2. Additionally, research has shown that botulinum toxin A can be effective in reducing body odor by interfering with skin microbes and denervating apoeccrine sweat glands 3.

It is also important to note that body odor can be an indicator of individual care and hygiene, or result from eating certain foods or drinking alcohol, but in some instances, it can be pathologic and indicative of underlying medical conditions 4. Therefore, managing body odor effectively requires a comprehensive approach that takes into account individual factors and hygiene practices, as well as the use of antiperspirants, deodorants, and other treatments as needed.

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

Have a follow-up question?

Our Medical A.I. is used by practicing medical doctors at top research institutions around the world. Ask any follow up question and get world-class guideline-backed answers instantly.