Differential Diagnosis for Chronic Bleeding from Ears
Single Most Likely Diagnosis
- Chronic Otitis Media: This condition is characterized by a long-standing infection of the middle ear and is a common cause of chronic ear bleeding. The infection can lead to the formation of a perforation in the eardrum, which may bleed intermittently.
Other Likely Diagnoses
- Ear Canal Abrasions or Lacerations: Trauma to the ear canal can cause bleeding, and if the trauma is recurrent or the wound does not heal properly, it can lead to chronic bleeding.
- Otitis Externa: Also known as swimmer's ear, this is an infection of the outer ear canal. It can cause inflammation, discharge, and sometimes bleeding, especially if the infection is severe or chronic.
- Eczema or Psoriasis of the Ear Canal: Skin conditions like eczema or psoriasis can affect the ear canal, leading to chronic inflammation, itching, and sometimes bleeding due to scratching or secondary infection.
Do Not Miss Diagnoses
- Malignancy (e.g., Squamous Cell Carcinoma): Although rare, cancer of the ear canal or middle ear can present with chronic bleeding. It is crucial to rule out malignancy due to its severe implications and the need for prompt treatment.
- Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (formerly known as Wegener's Granulomatosis): This is a rare autoimmune disorder that can affect various parts of the body, including the ears, and cause chronic bleeding among other symptoms.
- Relapsing Polychondritis: An autoimmune disease that can cause cartilage inflammation, including that of the ears, potentially leading to chronic bleeding and other ear symptoms.
Rare Diagnoses
- Hemangioma or Other Vascular Anomalies: Benign tumors made up of blood vessels can occur in the ear and may cause bleeding, especially if they are superficial or subjected to trauma.
- Foreign Body in the Ear Canal: Especially in children, the presence of a foreign body in the ear canal can cause irritation, infection, and bleeding.
- Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia (Osler-Weber-Rendu Syndrome): A rare genetic disorder characterized by the formation of abnormal blood vessels, which can lead to bleeding from various sites, including the ears.