From the Research
Low serum Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone (MSH) levels can indicate several significant clinical conditions, including inflammatory disorders, pituitary dysfunction, and metabolic problems, and should be investigated through comprehensive testing, including evaluation of other pituitary hormones, inflammatory markers, and potential environmental toxin exposure 1.
Clinical Significance of Low MSH
Low MSH is often associated with:
- Inflammatory disorders, particularly chronic inflammatory response syndrome (CIRS), where it contributes to immune dysfunction and increased susceptibility to infections
- Disrupted circadian rhythms and sleep disturbances, as MSH plays a role in regulating sleep patterns
- Reduced pain tolerance and increased sensitivity to pain stimuli
- Metabolic problems, including leptin resistance and weight regulation issues
- Pituitary dysfunction, as it's produced by the pituitary gland
Investigation and Diagnosis
The underlying cause of low MSH should be investigated through comprehensive testing, including:
- Evaluation of other pituitary hormones
- Inflammatory markers
- Potential environmental toxin exposure, particularly in cases where mold exposure is suspected as a contributing factor to CIRS
Recent Evidence
A recent study published in 2021 in the Journal of the Endocrine Society found that new cutoffs for the biochemical diagnosis of adrenal insufficiency after ACTH stimulation using specific cortisol assays should be considered, with a recommended serum cortisol cutoff of 14 to 15 μg/dL depending on the assay used 1.
Key Points
- Low MSH levels can have significant clinical implications
- Comprehensive testing is necessary to investigate the underlying cause of low MSH
- Recent evidence suggests new cutoffs for the biochemical diagnosis of adrenal insufficiency after ACTH stimulation using specific cortisol assays should be considered.