From the Guidelines
Dilated pupils in relation to Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) may be associated with increased risk of health problems, including psychosis, mental health issues, and chronic respiratory problems, as evidenced by the high THC concentration in cannabis plants and concentrates 1. The significance of dilated pupils in relation to THC is a concern due to the potential health risks associated with cannabis use. Some key points to consider include:
- Cannabis THC concentration has increased dramatically over the past few decades, potentially elevating the risk for health problems 1.
- High doses of THC may be associated with psychosis, mental health issues, and chronic respiratory problems 1.
- Smoking cannabis may affect lung function and is associated with pulmonary conditions like chronic bronchitis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 1.
- Cannabis use may have a deleterious effect on adolescent brain development and well-being, with some evidence suggesting an association between nondisordered cannabis use and adverse psychosocial events, such as major depression and suicidal ideation 1. It is essential to consider these potential health risks when evaluating the significance of dilated pupils in relation to THC, as they may indicate a need for medical attention or intervention. Key factors to consider in real-life clinical medicine include:
- The average THC concentration in cannabis plants has almost doubled, from 9% in 2008 to 17% in 2017 1.
- Cannabis concentrates may have THC levels of 70% 1.
- The link between cannabis use and lung cancer is unclear, but smoking cannabis may be associated with adverse cardiovascular events, including myocardial infarction and stroke 1.
From the Research
Significance of Dilated Pupils in Relation to Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)
- Dilated pupils are a common indicator of THC presence in an individual, with approximately 63.6% of THC-positive subjects exhibiting dilated pupils in room light 2.
- THC-positive subjects also often exhibit rebound dilation or hippus, with 88.8% of cases showing this characteristic 2.
- The relationship between THC concentration and pupil dilation is not fully understood, but studies suggest that dilated pupils can be a reliable indicator of cannabis impairment 3.
- Other physiological signs, such as increased pulse rate, red eyes, and droopy eyelids, can also be associated with THC presence, but dilated pupils are a key indicator 2, 3.
- It is essential to note that the presence of dilated pupils can be influenced by various factors, including lighting conditions and individual variability, and should be considered in conjunction with other signs and symptoms when assessing cannabis impairment 2, 3.