From the Guidelines
Lead glasses are necessary for radiation protection in settings with a risk of eye exposure to ionizing radiation, as they can reduce radiation exposure to the eyes by 60-90% and protect against radiation-induced cataracts. According to a recent study published in Ophthalmology in 2022 1, ionizing radiation is a proven cause of cataracts, and the use of radiation protective shields and lead glasses is advisable. This is particularly important for healthcare workers who regularly perform fluoroscopy-guided procedures, radiologists, interventional cardiologists, and others working in radiation environments.
Some key points to consider when using lead glasses for radiation protection include:
- Ensuring proper fit and adequate side protection to prevent radiation exposure from the sides
- Selecting lead glasses with appropriate lead equivalency for the specific work environment
- Wearing lead glasses in conjunction with other protective equipment like lead aprons and thyroid shields
- Being aware of the International Commission on Radiological Protection's recommended eye dose limit of 20 mSv per year, highlighting the importance of eye protection 1.
It's also important to note that lead glasses may not be essential for occasional exposure or in areas with adequate shielding. However, for those with regular occupational exposure, they are a crucial part of personal protective equipment. As stated in the study published in Ophthalmology 1, several studies demonstrate an increased risk of cataract with exposure to ionizing radiation, making lead glasses a necessary precaution.
From the Research
Importance of Lead Glasses for Radiation Protection
- Lead glasses are necessary for radiation protection, especially for individuals who work with ionising radiation, such as interventional radiology operators and orthopaedists 2, 3.
- The use of lead glasses can reduce radiation exposure to the eyes by up to 90% 3 and decrease the dose by up to 80% 4.
Effectiveness of Lead Glasses
- Studies have shown that lead glasses can significantly reduce eye radiation exposure, with shielding effects ranging from 10% to 88.9% 5.
- The effectiveness of lead glasses depends on the configuration and thickness of the glasses, as well as the presence of lateral shielding and ergonomic designs 4, 5.
- Thicker lead equivalents (≥0.5 mm) can offer up to ninefold dose reductions 5.
Factors Influencing the Performance of Lead Glasses
- Head orientation, procedural complexity, and operator movement can influence the performance of lead glasses 5.
- The morphology of, and fit to, individual workers' faces is important for ensuring effective protection 6.
- Combining lead glasses with other protective measures can provide optimal protection 5.
Recommendations
- The International Commission on Radiological Protection recommends reducing the occupational eye dose limit from 150 to 20 mSv 2, 3.
- Employers should provide eyewear based on the morphology of, and fit to, individual workers' faces 6.
- Standardised guidelines on protective eyewear use are necessary to ensure the proper use of lead glasses and minimize the risks of ionising radiation for healthcare professionals in fluoroscopy procedures 5.