Differential Diagnosis for WBC-14 and Urine WTH Leuk and Nitrites

• Single most likely diagnosis:
  • Urinary Tract Infection (UTI): The presence of leukocytes (leuk) and nitrites in the urine, along with an elevated white blood cell count (WBC), strongly suggests a bacterial infection of the urinary tract. This is the most common cause of such findings.
• Other Likely diagnoses:
  • Pyelonephritis: An infection of the kidney, which can also present with elevated WBC, leukocytes, and nitrites in the urine. It's a more severe infection than a lower UTI and can occur if the infection ascends to the kidneys.
  • Prostatitis: In men, an infection or inflammation of the prostate gland can cause similar symptoms, including elevated WBC and the presence of leukocytes and nitrites in the urine.
• Do Not Miss (ddxs that may not be likely, but would be deadly if missed.):
  • Sepsis: Although less likely, if the UTI or another infection is severe and has entered the bloodstream, it could lead to sepsis, a life-threatening condition that requires immediate medical attention.
  • Kidney Stone with Infection: A kidney stone that obstructs the flow of urine can lead to an infection, presenting with similar lab findings. This condition requires prompt treatment to prevent severe complications.
• Rare diagnoses:
  • Tuberculosis of the Urinary Tract: A rare infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis that can affect the kidneys or other parts of the urinary system, presenting with chronic symptoms and abnormal urine findings.
  • Interstitial Nephritis: An inflammation of the spaces between the renal tubules, which can be caused by infection, drugs, or other diseases, and might present with similar laboratory findings, although it's less common.