What is the best way to store toothbrushes and waterpicks to prevent the spread of Streptococcal (strep) infections?

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Last updated: June 28, 2025View editorial policy

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From the Guidelines

To prevent the spread of Streptococcal infections, store toothbrushes in a cup with the brush head facing upward, allowing them to air dry completely between uses, and replace them every month or immediately after recovering from strep throat. When it comes to waterpicks, there is no specific guidance provided in the available evidence 1. However, based on general principles of infection control, it is reasonable to clean and dry waterpicks regularly, according to the manufacturer's instructions. Key considerations for preventing the spread of Streptococcal infections include:

  • Storing toothbrushes in a well-ventilated area, away from the toilet to minimize contamination from aerosolized particles 1
  • Avoiding sharing of oral hygiene products, including toothbrushes and waterpicks
  • Cleaning toothbrushes regularly by rinsing them thoroughly with water after use 1
  • Replacing toothbrushes frequently, ideally every month or after recovering from an illness 1
  • Considering additional measures, such as soaking toothbrushes in antibacterial mouthwash or using a UV sanitizer, although the evidence for these specific practices is not provided in the available studies 1.

From the Research

Storage of Toothbrushes and Waterpicks to Prevent Strep Infections

To prevent the spread of Streptococcal (strep) infections, proper storage of toothbrushes and waterpicks is crucial. Here are some key points to consider:

  • Toothbrushes should be replaced every three months or sooner if they show signs of wear [ 2 ].
  • Storing toothbrushes in a dry place can help reduce microbial contamination [ 2 ].
  • Using a mouthwash containing antimicrobial substances can help reduce the microbial load on toothbrushes [ 3 ].
  • Crest Pro-Health mouthwash and a normal dishwasher cycle have been shown to be effective in eliminating Streptococcus mutans from contaminated toothbrushes [ 3 ].

Decontamination Methods for Toothbrushes

Different decontamination methods have been studied, including:

  • Sterile water
  • Chlorhexidine mouthwash
  • Herbal mouthwash
  • These methods can reduce microbial load, but may also cause wear on toothbrush bristles [ 4 ].
  • Air-drying toothbrushes can also help reduce microbial contamination, but the effectiveness may depend on the type of toothbrush and storage conditions [ 5 ].

Contamination of Toothbrushes and Toothpaste

Toothbrushes and toothpaste can become contaminated with Streptococcus mutans, which can lead to the spread of strep infections [ 6 ].

  • Toothbrushes can harbor high numbers of S. mutans, especially after brushing and if not stored properly [ 6 ].
  • Toothpaste tubes can also become contaminated with S. mutans, particularly if the tube is not properly cleaned and dried [ 6 ].

Waterpicks and Strep Infections

Waterpicks can also harbor microorganisms, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and should be used with caution, especially by individuals with open wounds or reduced immune resistance [ 2 ].

  • Significant germination of stagnated residual water in waterpicks can occur, leading to high germ counts [ 2 ].
  • Manufacturers of waterpicks are urged to improve their designs to prevent the stagnation of residual water [ 2 ].

References

Guideline

Guideline Directed Topic Overview

Dr.Oracle Medical Advisory Board & Editors, 2025

Research

[The significance of the contamination of dental care articles. The results of a field study].

Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Mikrobiologie und Hygiene. Serie B, Umwelthygiene, Krankenhaushygiene, Arbeitshygiene, praventive Medizin, 1989

Research

Contamination of toothpaste and toothbrush by Streptococcus mutans.

Scandinavian journal of dental research, 1978

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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