Viral Hepatitis: This is often the first consideration due to its prevalence and the fact that it commonly presents with elevated liver enzymes and bilirubin. Viral hepatitis can cause inflammation of the liver, leading to the release of these enzymes and bilirubin into the bloodstream.

Alcoholic Liver Disease: Chronic alcohol consumption can lead to liver inflammation and damage, resulting in elevated liver enzymes and bilirubin levels. The pattern of enzyme elevation (AST:ALT ratio) can sometimes help differentiate this from other causes.
Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD): This condition, often associated with obesity and diabetes, can lead to liver inflammation and damage, causing elevations in liver enzymes and potentially bilirubin.
Drug-Induced Liver Injury: Various medications and drugs can cause liver damage, leading to elevated liver enzymes and bilirubin. The history of medication use is crucial in identifying this cause.

Acute Biliary Obstruction: Obstruction of the bile ducts can lead to a rapid increase in bilirubin and potentially liver enzymes. This condition requires urgent intervention to prevent liver damage and infection.
Wilson's Disease: A genetic disorder that leads to copper accumulation in the liver, causing damage and potentially presenting with elevated liver enzymes and bilirubin. Early diagnosis is crucial as treatment can prevent further liver damage.
Autoimmune Hepatitis: An autoimmune condition where the body's immune system attacks the liver, leading to inflammation and damage. Prompt recognition and treatment are essential to prevent liver failure.

Budd-Chiari Syndrome: A rare condition caused by obstruction of the hepatic veins, leading to liver enlargement, ascites, and abnormal liver function tests. It's a rare but important diagnosis due to its potential for severe complications.
Primary Biliary Cholangitis (PBC): An autoimmune disease of the liver characterized by a progressive destruction of the bile ducts within the liver, leading to cholestasis and, ultimately, liver damage.
Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis (PSC): A chronic liver disease characterized by inflammation and scarring of the bile ducts, which can lead to liver damage and elevated liver enzymes and bilirubin. It's often associated with inflammatory bowel disease.