Does shortening cause degenerative disc disease?

From the Guidelines

Shortening does not cause degenerative disc disease, as the condition is primarily caused by age-related wear and tear on the spinal discs, not dietary factors. The development of degenerative disc disease is a complex process that involves the breakdown of spinal discs over time, leading to a loss of cushioning ability and flexibility. Key risk factors for degenerative disc disease include:

• Aging
• Genetics
• Smoking
• Obesity
• Physical occupations involving repetitive heavy lifting
• Previous injuries to the spine While poor nutrition and obesity can contribute to overall poor spine health, there is no direct causal relationship between consuming shortening and developing degenerative disc disease, as supported by studies such as 1. Maintaining a healthy weight, regular exercise focusing on core strength, proper lifting techniques, good posture, and avoiding smoking are more relevant factors in preventing or managing this condition. It's essential to note that degenerative changes on lumbar imaging are usually considered nonspecific, as they correlate poorly with symptoms, and imaging abnormalities can be seen in a substantial number of people without back pain, as discussed in 1. Therefore, focusing on a healthy lifestyle and avoiding harmful habits is crucial for preventing or managing degenerative disc disease, rather than worrying about the consumption of specific ingredients like shortening. In clinical practice, guidelines such as those outlined in 1 and 1 emphasize the importance of a comprehensive approach to managing low back pain, including non-invasive interventions and lifestyle modifications, rather than solely focusing on dietary factors.

From the Research

Degenerative Disc Disease Causes

• Degenerative disc disease (DDD) is a complex, multifactorial disease determined by the interplay between gene(s) and the environment 2.
• The etiology of DDD is complex and multifactorial, with genetics, occupational, and mechanical influences being major risk factors 3.
• Genetic susceptibility plays a significant role in the development of DDD, with certain genetic polymorphisms associated with an increased risk of severe lumbar disc degeneration 4.

Risk Factors for Degenerative Disc Disease

• Occupational and mechanical influences are major risk factors for DDD 3.
• Genetic polymorphisms, such as those found in the COL11A1, ADAMTS5, CALM1, IL1F5, and COX2 genes, are associated with an increased risk of severe lumbar disc degeneration 4.
• Aging is also a contributing factor to DDD, with the disease being a common disorder seen in general and orthopaedic practices 2.

Shortening and Degenerative Disc Disease

• There is no direct evidence to suggest that shortening causes degenerative disc disease.
• The provided studies focus on the genetic and environmental factors that contribute to DDD, but do not mention shortening as a potential cause 2, 5, 6, 3, 4.